GATE 2016 Syllabus
Civil Engineering
Section 1: Engineering Mathematics
Linear
Algebra: Matrix algebra:-Systems of linear equations;
Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Calculus:-
Functions of single variable; Limit, continuity and differentiability; Mean
value theorems, local maxima and minima, Taylor and Maclaurin series;
Evaluation of definite and indefinite integrals, application of definite
integral to obtain area and volume; Partial derivatives; Total derivative;
Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Vector identities, Directional derivatives,
Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems.
Ordinary
Differential Equation (ODE): First order (linear
and non-linear) equations; higher order linear equations with constant
coefficients; Euler-Cauchy equations; Laplace transform and its application in
solving linear ODEs; initial and boundary value problems.
Partial Differential Equation (PDE): Fourier series;
separation of variables; solutions of one- dimensional diffusion equation;
first and second order one-dimensional wave equation and two-dimensional
Laplace equation.
Probability
and Statistics: Definitions of probability and sampling
theorems; Conditional probability; Discrete Random variables: Poisson and
Binomial distributions; Continuous random variables: normal and exponential
distributions; Descriptive statistics - Mean, median, mode and standard
deviation; Hypothesis testing.
Numerical
Methods: Accuracy and precision; error analysis. Numerical
solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; Least square
approximation, Newton’s and Lagrange polynomials, numerical differentiation, Integration
by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule, single and multi-step methods for first
order differential equations.
Section 2: Structural
Engineering
Engineering
Mechanics: System of forces, free-body diagrams, equilibrium
equations; Internal forces in structures; Friction and its applications;
Kinematics of point mass and rigid body; Centre of mass; Euler’s equations of
motion; Impulse-momentum; Energy methods; Principles of virtual work.
Solid
Mechanics: Bending moment and shear force in statically
determinate beams; Simple stress and strain relationships; Theories of
failures; Simple bending theory, flexural and shear stresses, shear centre;
Uniform torsion, buckling of column, combined and direct bending stresses.
Structural
Analysis: Statically determinate and indeterminate structures
by force/ energy methods; Method of superposition; Analysis of trusses, arches,
beams, cables and frames; Displacement methods: Slope deflection and moment
distribution methods; Influence lines; Stiffness and flexibility methods of
structural analysis.
Construction
Materials and Management: Construction Materials: Structural
steel - composition, material properties and behaviour; Concrete -
constituents, mix design, short-term and long-term properties; Bricks and
mortar; Timber; Bitumen. Construction Management: Types of construction
projects; Tendering and construction contracts; Rate analysis and standard
specifications; Cost estimation; Project planning and network analysis - PERT
and CPM.
Concrete
Structures: Working stress, Limit state and
Ultimate load design concepts; Design of beams, slabs, columns; Bond and
development length; Prestressed concrete; Analysis of beam sections at transfer
and service loads.
Steel
Structures: Working stress and Limit state design
concepts; Design of tension and compression members, beams and beam- columns,
column bases; Connections - simple and eccentric, beam-column connections,
plate girders and trusses; Plastic analysis of beams and frames.
Section 3: Geotechnical
Engineering
Soil
Mechanics: Origin of soils, soil structure and fabric;
Three-phase system and phase relationships, index properties; Unified and
Indian standard soil classification system; Permeability - one dimensional
flow, Darcy’s law; Seepage through soils - two-dimensional flow, flow nets,
uplift pressure, piping; Principle of effective stress, capillarity, seepage
force and quicksand condition; Compaction in laboratory and field conditions;
One- dimensional consolidation, time rate of consolidation; Mohr’s circle,
stress paths, effective and total shear strength parameters, characteristics of
clays and sand.
Foundation
Engineering: Sub-surface investigations - scope, drilling bore
holes, sampling, plate load test, standard penetration and cone penetration
tests; Earth pressure theories - Rankine and Coulomb; Stability of slopes -
finite and infinite slopes, method of slices and Bishop’s method; Stress distribution
in soils - Boussinesq’s and Westergaard’s theories, pressure bulbs; Shallow
foundations - Terzaghi’s and Meyerhoff’s bearing capacity theories, effect of
water table; Combined footing and raft foundation; Contact pressure; Settlement
analysis in sands and clays; Deep foundations - types of piles, dynamic and
static formulae, load capacity of piles in sands and clays, pile load test,
negative skin friction.
Section 4: Water Resources
Engineering
Fluid
Mechanics: Properties of fluids, fluid statics; Continuity,
momentum, energy and corresponding equations; Potential flow, applications of
momentum and energy equations; Laminar and turbulent flow; Flow in pipes, pipe
networks; Concept of boundary layer and its growth.
Hydraulics: Forces
on immersed bodies; Flow measurement in channels and pipes; Dimensional
analysis and hydraulic similitude; Kinematics of flow, velocity triangles;
Basics of hydraulic machines, specific speed of pumps and turbines; Channel
Hydraulics - Energy-depth relationships, specific energy, critical flow, slope
profile, hydraulic jump, uniform flow and gradually varied flow.
Hydrology:
Hydrologic cycle, precipitation, evaporation, evapo-transpiration, watershed,
infiltration, unit hydrographs, hydrograph analysis, flood estimation and routing,
reservoir capacity, reservoir and channel routing, surface run-off models,
ground water hydrology - steady state well hydraulics and aquifers; Application
of Darcy’s law.
Irrigation: Duty,
delta, estimation of evapo-transpiration; Crop water requirements; Design of
lined and unlined canals, head works, gravity dams and spillways; Design of
weirs on permeable foundation; Types of irrigation systems, irrigation methods;
Water logging and drainage; Canal regulatory works, cross-drainage structures,
outlets and escapes.
Section 5: Environmental
Engineering
Water
and Waste Water: Quality standards, basic unit processes and operations
for water treatment. Drinking water standards, water requirements, basic unit
operations and unit processes for surface water treatment, distribution of
water. Sewage and sewerage treatment, quantity and characteristics of
wastewater. Primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of wastewater, effluent
discharge standards. Domestic wastewater treatment, quantity of characteristics
of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary treatment. Unit operations and
unit processes of domestic wastewater, sludge disposal.
Air
Pollution: Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air
pollution meteorology, air pollution control, air quality standards and
limits.
Municipal
Solid Wastes: Characteristics, generation, collection and
transportation of solid wastes, engineered systems for solid waste management
(reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment and disposal).
Noise
Pollution: - Impacts of noise, permissible limits of noise
pollution, measurement of noise and control of noise pollution.
Section 6: Transportation Engineering
Transportation
Infrastructure: Highway alignment and engineering surveys; Geometric
design of highways - cross-sectional elements, sight distances, horizontal and
vertical alignments; Geometric design of railway track; Airport runway length,
taxiway and exit taxiway design.
Highway
Pavements: Highway materials - desirable properties and quality
control tests; Design of bituminous paving mixes; Design factors for flexible
and rigid pavements; Design of flexible pavement using IRC: 37-2012; Design of
rigid pavements using IRC: 58-2011; Distresses in concrete pavements.
Traffic
Engineering: Traffic studies on flow, speed, travel time - delay
and O-D study, PCU, peak hour factor, parking study, accident study and
analysis, statistical analysis of traffic data; Microscopic and macroscopic
parameters of traffic flow, fundamental relationships; Control devices, signal
design by Webster’s method; Types of intersections and channelization; Highway
capacity and level of service of rural highways and urban roads.
Section 7: Geomatics
Engineering
Principles
of surveying: - Errors and their adjustment; Maps - scale, coordinate
system; Distance and angle measurement - Levelling and trigonometric levelling;
Traversing and triangulation survey; Total station; Horizontal and vertical
curves. Photogrammetry - scale, flying height; Remote sensing - basics,
platform and sensors, visual image interpretation; Basics of Geographical
information system (GIS) and Geographical Positioning system (GPS).
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