What is Points And Crossing in Railway Engineering?

Def.:- Points, crossing, turnouts, cross-overs and such related terms are the arrangements by which different routes either parallel or diverging are connected and afford the mean for trains to move from one route to another. These connections are not only useful for trains to move from one route to another but also help for marshalling and shunting work in station yards.

Marshalling Yard: - Yard in which wagons are sorted and new trains are formed are called “Marshalling Yards”.

Station Yard:- Yard is the system of tracks laid within prescribed limits for various purposes such as storing, sorting, dispatching of vehicles and making up trains. Movement of vehicles in yards is not authorized by a time-table.

Necessary of Points and crossings & Its Functions:- In case of road, the facilities for turning of vehicle from one path to another, do not require any special arrangement as the wheel have no flanges. The direction of movement of vehicle is controlled by the driver and the steers according to his own sweet will. But this is not true in case of railway because the wheels are provided with flanges inside, so the direction of movement and the diversion of the vehicle to another track are controlled automatically by the wheel flanges rather than the driver as in case of roads. The problem of diversion of trains from one track to another is solved by special arrangements known as points and crossings.
The knowledge of the points and crossings is important in following ways for the operating personnel: (Or Its Functions)

1). Point and crossing provide flexibility of movement by connecting one line to another according to the requirements.

2). They also help for imposing restrictions over turnouts which necessarily retard the movements.

3). From safety aspects, it is also important as points and crossing are weak kinks or points in the track and vehicle are susceptible to derailments at these places.




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