What is Points And Crossing in Railway Engineering?

Def.:- Points, crossing, turnouts, cross-overs and such related terms are the arrangements by which different routes either parallel or diverging are connected and afford the mean for trains to move from one route to another. These connections are not only useful for trains to move from one route to another but also help for marshalling and shunting work in station yards.

Marshalling Yard: - Yard in which wagons are sorted and new trains are formed are called “Marshalling Yards”.

Station Yard:- Yard is the system of tracks laid within prescribed limits for various purposes such as storing, sorting, dispatching of vehicles and making up trains. Movement of vehicles in yards is not authorized by a time-table.

Necessary of Points and crossings & Its Functions:- In case of road, the facilities for turning of vehicle from one path to another, do not require any special arrangement as the wheel have no flanges. The direction of movement of vehicle is controlled by the driver and the steers according to his own sweet will. But this is not true in case of railway because the wheels are provided with flanges inside, so the direction of movement and the diversion of the vehicle to another track are controlled automatically by the wheel flanges rather than the driver as in case of roads. The problem of diversion of trains from one track to another is solved by special arrangements known as points and crossings.
The knowledge of the points and crossings is important in following ways for the operating personnel: (Or Its Functions)

1). Point and crossing provide flexibility of movement by connecting one line to another according to the requirements.

2). They also help for imposing restrictions over turnouts which necessarily retard the movements.

3). From safety aspects, it is also important as points and crossing are weak kinks or points in the track and vehicle are susceptible to derailments at these places.




Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Lane’s Weighted Creep Theory

Image
Bligh, in his theory, had calculated the length of the creep, by simply adding the horizontal creep length and the vertical creep length, thereby making no distinction between the two creeps. However, Lane, on the basis of his analysis carried out on about 200 dams all over the world, stipulated that the horizontal creep is less effective in reducing uplift (or in causing loss of head) than the vertical creep. He, therefore, suggested a weightage factor of 1/3 for the horizontal creep, as against 1.0 for the vertical creep. Thus in Fig–1,  the total Lane’s creep length (L l ) is given by L l = (d 1 + d 1 ) + (1/3) L 1 + (d 2 + d 2 ) + (1/3) L 2 + (d 3 + d 3 ) = (1/3) (L 1 + L 2 ) + 2(d 1 + d 2 + d 3 ) = (1/3) b + 2(d 1 + d 2 + d 3 ) To ensure safety against piping, according to this theory, the creep length Ll must no be less than C1H L , where H L is the head causing flow, and C 1 is Lane’s creep coefficient given in table –2 Table – ...
Read more

What is Soil in Geotechnical Engineering.

Image
Definition of Soil The word ‘soil’ is derived from the Latin word solium which, according to Webster’s dictionary, means the upper layer of the earth that may be dug or plowed; specifically, the loose surface material of earth in which the plants grow. The above definition of soil is used in the field of agronomy (The application of soil and plant sciences to land management and crop production) where the main concern is in the use of soil for raising crops. In geology, earth’s crust is assumed to consist of unconsolidated sediments, called mantle or regolith, overlying rocks. The top soil contains a large quantity of organic matter and is not suitable as a construction material or as a foundation for structure. The top soil is removed from the earth’s surface before the construction of structure. The term ‘ soil ’ in the soil engineering is defined as an unconsolidated material , composed of solid particles , produced by the disintegration of rocks . The void space...
Read more

What is Mill bent in Industrial Buildings?

Image
The assembly of roof truss attached to and supported on column at both the ends is known as bent, mill bent or transverse bent . An industrial buildings consists of a series of such transverse bent supporting the roof. The distance between the two adjacent transverse bents is known as bay . The space between the column lines is usually called an aisle.
Read more